An independent needs £4.00–£4.50 just to break even — 33% of that goes straight to the government. Then in April 2025, they hiked NI, slashed rates relief, and raised the minimum wage. 15,800 pubs have closed since 2000. The government just made it harder to keep the rest open.
The government takes £1.61. The publican keeps 12p. That's a 13:1 ratio. The average publican earns £15,000/year — below the minimum wage they're legally required to pay their own staff.
An independent needs £4.00+ to survive. Spoons can profit at £2.85. That's not a level playing field — it's a structural advantage that no local can match.
The government takes £1.61 from every pint. The publican who poured it keeps 12p. Then they wonder why pubs are closing.